Three decades after the end of the Bosnian War, a shocking new allegation has emerged concerning war crimes committed during the siege of Sarajevo. Authorities in Italy have opened an official investigation into whether the so-called “Sarajevo human safari” truly existed – claims that wealthy foreign nationals paid for the opportunity to shoot civilians during the city’s siege.

Documentary film triggered the investigation

As reported by Index, the probe centres on Sarajevo Safari, a 2022 documentary by Slovenian director Miran Zupanič. In the film, witnesses and former organisers – shown in silhouette with distorted voices – recount how affluent Italian and German “tourists” allegedly travelled to Sarajevo and paid significant sums to fire sniper rifles at civilians living in the besieged city.

According to testimonies, participants in these “safaris” paid the equivalent of several million forints for a single session. Some accounts even claim that those who wanted to target children were charged higher fees.

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People queuing for water during the siege of Sarajevo. Photo: Wikimedia Commons/Mikhail Evstafiev

Milan prosecutors examining the allegations

The scandal was brought to light by an Italian writer and two prominent lawyers. Based on the 17-page dossier they submitted, the Milan Public Prosecutor’s Office is now investigating whether the events described actually occurred. Leaked information suggests that several Italian citizens are among the alleged perpetrators, including a Milan-based plastic surgeon and individuals linked to the cities of Trieste and Turin.

The report also states that during the war, the individuals in question flew from Trieste to Belgrade, from where they were transported to the hills surrounding Sarajevo – the positions used by snipers who fired on the city for years.

More than 300 snipers, hundreds of victims

According to the relevant institute at the University of Sarajevo, more than 300 snipers operated in the region during the siege, and at least 225 civilians – including 60 children – were killed by sniper fire. Other estimates suggest that the total number of civilian victims of sniper activity may have reached 11,000.

It remains unclear whether snipers included both soldiers and civilians, MTI reports. Bosnian Serb veterans, however, deny that any “human safari” ever existed, claiming the documentary is based on lies.

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The centre of the Grbavica district of Sarajevo in March 1996. Photo: Wikimedia Commons/LT. STACEY WYZKOWSKI

Possible intelligence links

Investigators say that certain classified intelligence documents may also point to the events, reportedly once held by Italy’s military intelligence service, SISMI. A former Bosnian agent has claimed that Italian services were warned about the appearance of “war tourists” as early as 1993.

The Milan Prosecutor’s Office is examining this angle as well and has requested relevant files from the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia in The Hague, where earlier proceedings included witness testimonies referring to similar phenomena.

Former Sarajevo mayor assisting the investigation

Benjamina Karić, who served as the mayor of Sarajevo between 2021 and 2024, has sent an official statement to Italian authorities, providing the city’s available documentation. The lawyers who launched the investigation – including Nicola Brigida and Guido Salvini – hope the proceedings will finally shed light on the identities of any possible perpetrators.