Hungary’s National Assembly on Tuesday voted to introduce a full ban on the production and sale of lab-grown meat. Under the new rules, it will be prohibited to manufacture or market any product made from animal cells or tissues grown in laboratory conditions, except for medical and veterinary purposes.

The legislation passed with 140 votes in favour, 10 against and 18 abstentions.

What does the ban cover – and what does it not?

According to Telex, the ban applies solely to lab-grown meat, meaning products cultivated from animal-derived cells outside a living organism. It does not affect plant-based meat alternatives, which will continue to be freely produced and sold.

The idea of the ban first surfaced last summer but remained stagnant for months. Eventually, Deputy Prime Minister Zsolt Semjén and Agriculture Minister István Nagy submitted the bill in March this year.

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Illustration. Photo: depositphotos.com

Government: Lab-grown meat is dangerous, uncertain and a threat to tradition

The Ministry of Agriculture has long argued that lab-grown meat “raises numerous questions and concerns” and is presumably unsafe. Officials also claim that the alternative technology has a large ecological footprint and, according to the ministry, could even deepen social inequalities.

Minister István Nagy went further, stating that synthetic meat could “break our traditions and culture”, potentially leading to rootlessness and unforeseeable consequences. (It is worth noting that nobody would have been obliged to eat lab-grown meat; those who prefer conventional meat would still be free to consume it, regardless of what others choose.)

Prime Minister Viktor Orbán also addressed the topic in his 2024 annual address, saying Brussels wants to “force synthetic and GMO meat on Hungarians” instead of fresh domestic products.

Supporters say it is precisely a step towards the future

Advocates of cultivated meat argue that laboratory meat production could:

  • significantly reduce the environmental burden of agriculture,
  • offer a more sustainable solution to future food crises,
  • put an end to large-scale animal farming and slaughter.

The technology is advancing internationally. Singapore approved the first lab-grown meat product in 2020, and in 2023 the US Food and Drug Administration concluded that products from two companies – Eat Just and Upside Foods – are safe to consume and comparable to traditional chicken.

Still, lab-grown meat is currently available only in a handful of restaurants in Washington, San Francisco and Singapore.

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Illustration. Photo: depositphotos.com

Italy was the first in the EU

Hungary is the second EU member state to introduce such a ban. Italy prohibited the production and sale of cultivated meat in November 2023. The Italian decision triggered intense street demonstrations: the Coldiretti farmers’ association and the +Europa party protested against one another, and tensions escalated to the point where police had to intervene.

In Italy, food is a central part of national identity, and supporters of the ban mainly cited the protection of cultural and quality traditions.

Broad political support for the ban in Hungary

In Tuesday’s vote, not only Fidesz–KDNP but also Jobbik, Mi Hazánk, Párbeszéd, and three former LMP MPs supported the prohibition.

The new law is considered one of the strictest regulations on cultivated meat worldwide and is likely to spark major debates about the future of the food industry, both in Hungary and internationally in the coming years.

Our earlier report: