The small village of Tiszabura in Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok County is heading to the polls for the third time on 30 November, after the previous two by-elections were annulled due to allegations of electoral fraud. With a population of just 3,300, voter turnout has consistently been high, yet reports suggest widespread manipulation behind the scenes.

Tiszabura: Where votes can be bought

According to a thorough report by Index, the controversy dates back to the early 2000s, when local political operatives reportedly began using “technical candidates” to ensure their delegates were present in polling stations, a method allegedly intended to safeguard democracy.

Over the years, this practice has evolved. Sources claim that in recent elections, votes could effectively be purchased, ranging from HUF 20,000 (approx. EUR 50) in the morning to HUF 70,000 (approx. EUR 180) by the evening. Even “family packages” were said to exist, allowing multiple votes within a household to be bought at once.

The latest phase of the scandal

The latest saga began in June, when Tiszabura’s newly elected council dissolved itself, officially citing conflicts of interest involving Mayor Géza Vavrik. In October, the first by-election saw Vavrik win, but the result was annulled by Hungary’s Supreme Court (Kúria) due to evidence of vote-buying, photographs of electoral rolls, and money found in ballot boxes. A second by-election in November resulted in victory for Zsigmond Fekete, only for that outcome to be annulled as well, prompting the upcoming third vote.

photo of the church of tiszabura Democracy for sale? Inside Hungary’s village where votes reportedly sell for EUR 50–180
The church of Tiszabura. Photo: Wikimedia Commons

The public doesn’t really discuss the elections

Journalists visiting Tiszabura found little public discussion of the alleged irregularities. Locals were reluctant to speak on the record, often dismissing inquiries with evasive or hostile responses. Among those willing to comment anonymously, the consensus was that the elections represent a high-stakes power struggle between wealthy local figures, rather than genuine civic debate. Nevertheless, residents remain committed to voting, often returning for multiple elections regardless of past controversies.

“Dummy candidates”

Historical accounts suggest that the real leverage lies not in who votes, but who counts the votes. Former officials allegedly devised strategies involving “dummy candidates” to place loyal delegates inside polling stations, a tactic that has been refined over successive elections. Observers claim this system now also serves to monitor voters whose support has been purchased.

Monetary incentives for votes have reportedly escalated over time. Some voters are said to have demanded payment or debt repayment in exchange for their ballots, with rates increasing on election day. These practices reflect the significant stakes at play: the mayor of Tiszabura earns around HUF 1.5 million (approx. EUR 3,900) per month (far more than local councillors) and controls access to local contracts and public programmes, creating financial incentives for electoral dominance.

Mayor Vavrik acknowledges the use of technical candidates but denies engaging in vote-buying himself. He has stated that he would only contest elections if fraud occurred. His rival Fekete has publicly appealed for a compromise, suggesting that no challenges be submitted after the 30 November vote to end the cycle of annulled elections. Vavrik responded that he will not challenge the results unless irregularities are proven.